A vast container of roses forms the centrepiece of this walled garden in London by Miria Harris
The bountiful season of roses is months away, but these queens of the garden can be planted now. As long as the pot is large enough and the cultivar is compact, roses perform very well in containers. February is the ideal time to pot up roses in bare-root form (without soil) – as well as being more affordable, bare-root plants establish faster. Come June, their buxom blooms will open, filling the garden with colour and incredible scent.
Being the most romantic flower, a rose makes a superb Valentine's Day gift. Select a variety that only reaches 60 centimetres to 1.2 metres (2 to 4 feet), plant it in a pretty pot, and tie with red ribbon. You could even buy two to flank a doorway or sit side by side.
Which roses to grow in pots
For Valentine's Day, two of the best compact red roses to plant in pots are Fragrant Cloud (a coral-scarlet Hybrid Tea with a delicious sweet scent) and Ingrid Bergman (a vivid-crimson Hybrid Tea with a light scent). For a wildlife-friendly garden, Peter Beales (named after the late rose breeder) is a modern shrub rose with single vermilion flowers that feed bees, followed by autumn hips for birds.
If you prefer blushing-pink blooms, some of the best compact modern cultivars include Gertrude Jekyll (an English shrub rose with lipstick-pink citrus-scented flowers), Joie de Vivre (a Floribunda with peach-pink rosettes that have a fruity perfume), and A Whiter Shade of Pale (a shell-pink fragrant Hybrid Tea). But if you prefer the romance and scent of old roses, two of the best for pots are Comte de Chambord (very fragrant, pretty lilac-pink blooms) and Rose de Rescht (small magenta-pink pompoms that smell of lemons); both are repeat flowering Portland roses (produced by crossing Autumn Damask and Gallica roses) that date back to the end of the 19th century.
Rosa ‘Joie de Vivre Korfloci’G Scammell / Alamy Stock Photo
Or, for the elegance of white and ivory flowers, Ice Cream is a compact Hybrid Tea that smells of spices and Kew Gardens is a single-flowered English shrub rose that feeds bees. The latter suits the contemporary, naturalistic garden, producing the look of a wild rose, yet repeat flowering; it only has a light perfume but is almost thornless, making it suitable for a doorway. Another beautiful option is the double form of the burnet rose, Rosa spinosissima 'Double White', which provides for bees when its scented cupped blooms open in May and June; these are followed by claret-black hips; then the prickly, ferny foliage flushes fiery shades in autumn.
How to plant roses in planters and pots
- Ideally, plant during the dormant season (November to March) when roses are available to buy bare root (without soil). As well as being less expensive, bare-root roses establish very well. Alternatively, you can buy containerised roses all year round and plant them any time. Always buy from a reputable supplier (such as Peter Beales, David Austin, or Trevor White) to ensure good quality.
- Select a compact rose that reaches no more than 1.2 metres (4 feet).
- Choose a container that is 40 to 50 centimetres wide and deep for a rose that will reach 90 centimetres to 1.2 metres (3 to 4 feet). It must have drainage holes in the base.
- Place pieces of broken pot or a layer of grit in the bottom of the container to boost drainage.
- If planting a bare-root rose, sit its roots in a bucket of water (ideally cool to room temperature, rather than icy cold) for 1 to 2 hours. If it is very dry, soak it overnight.
- Plant with a mix of loam-based peat-free compost (such as John Innes No. 3) and organic multi-purpose peat-free compost. You could also add moisture-retaining granules and a couple of handfuls of well-rotted manure, but that's not essential.
- Holding your rose over the pot, sprinkle a small handful of mycorrhizal fungi over the roots, then plant it, backfilling with compost. The union (the enlarged join where the stems meet the roots) should be around 3 centimetres (1 inch) below the compost and the compost ought to be roughly 5 centimetres (2 inches) below the rim of the pot.
- Firm the compost in by patting it, in order to prevent air pockets.
- Water with a fine watering can rose.
- If your supplier has not already pruned the rose, cut it back after planting.
Read More
How to plant roses: a simple guide
How to care for roses in containers
Light
Sit your potted rose in sheltered full sun. There are a few roses that will tolerate semi-shade (including Susan Williams-Ellis and Jacques Cartier), but most roses are sun worshippers that perform best in a south or west-facing spot.
Moisture
Water roses in pots regularly, as required. Use a fine watering can rose and aim it at the base of the plant and the compost, rather than pouring it over the leaves and the flowers. The compost should not be allowed to parch completely. In prolonged hot, dry weather, the pot may need a whole can of water every day. On terraces or in courtyards where run-off is poor, place the container on pot feet to prevent waterlogging. Never leave the rose sitting in a tray of water, unless there is a heat wave and you are going away.
Food
Give a liquid potash feed (such as Tomorite or Uncle Tom's) fortnightly from May to July. In early to mid spring, fork in nitrogen-rich rose food, such as Toprose Gold or David Austin Rose Food.
Pruning
Most shrub roses can be given a very light haircut in February or early March, but you can be more ruthless with Floribundas and Hybrid Teas. Remove the dead, diseased, and crossing stems of all types of roses, then reduce Floribundas and Hybrids Teas by a half to two-thirds, whilst other shrub roses need only be reduced by one third.
Replenishing
Each spring, remove the upper compost and add a fresh layer.
Repotting
When necessary, every 3 to 5 years, pot into a slightly larger container with fresh compost; alternatively, plant out into a border.
Read More
How to choose the right rose for your garden